The Korean Society for Journalism & Communication Studies (KSJCS)
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Korean Journal of Journalism & Communication Studies - Vol. 63, No. 3, pp.277-322
ISSN: 2586-7369 (Online)
Print publication date 30 Jun 2019
Received 12 Apr 2019 Revised 27 May 2019 Accepted 31 May 2019
DOI: https://doi.org/10.20879/kjjcs.2019.63.3.008

재난 위험의 불확실성과 재난 유형이 공중 반응에 미치는 영향 : 피해자 비난을 중심으로

함승경**
**이화여자대학교 커뮤니케이션미디어연구소 연구위원 hamseungkyung@gmail.com
A study on the effects of risk uncertainty messages and disaster types on public responses : Focused on victim-blaming
Seungkyung Ham**
**Researcher, Ewha Communication and Media Research Center hamseungkyung@gmail.com

초록

이 연구는 최근 우리 사회에서 발생한 대규모 재난에서 피해자 비난이 발생한 것에 주목해서, 재난 상황에서 피해자 비난 발생 기제를 위험의 불확실성 메시지와 재난 유형의 관점에서 분석하고 재난으로부터 사회가 회복될 수 있는 방안을 모색하였다. 연구 결과 재난 위험의 불확실성은 부정적 감정 반응인 즉각적 평가를 높였다. 그리고 인적 재난은 자연 재난에 비해 즉각적 평가, 통제수준 판단, 피해자에 대한 공감적 분노를 높였다. 재난 위험의 불확실성은 재난 유형에 따라 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났는데, 재난 위험의 불확실성이 있는 경우 인적재난보다 자연재난에서 사회적 지지가 높은 것으로 나타났다. 각 변인들의 관계를 분석한 결과 즉각적 평가가 높을수록 피해자의 재난 통제 수준과 피해자 비난이 감소하였다. 그러나 피해자의 재난 통제수준이 높다고 판단할수록 피해자 비난은 증가하였다. 피해자에 대한 비난과 공감적 분노가 높을수록 피해자에 대한 사회적 지지는 증가하는 것으로 나타났다. 반면 통제수준을 높게 판단할수록 피해자에 대한 사회적 지지는 감소했다.

Abstract

Taking note of blames on victims in the recent major disasters in our society, this study analyzes the mechanism of generating blame on victims in disaster situations from the perspective of risk uncertainty messages and disaster types and seeks out ways for society to recover from disasters. As a result of the study, the messages of disaster risk uncertainty were found to increase spontaneous evaluation compared with the messages without uncertainty while man-made disasters increase spontaneous evaluation, control level and emphatic anger compared with natural disasters. Messages of disaster risk uncertainty increase social support in natural disasters and decrease social support in man-made disasters. As a result of analysis on the relationship between the variables, the higher the level of spontaneous evaluation which is a negative emotional response to disasters, the lower the victims’ control level and blames on the victims. The higher the judgement on victims’ disaster control level, the higher the level of blames on the victims. The higher the blames and emphatic anger on the victims are, the higher the social support for the victims whereas the higher the judgement on the control level, the lower the social support for victims.

Keywords:

victim blaming, uncertainty, disaster, social support

키워드:

피해자 비난, 불확실성, 재난유형, 사회적지지

Acknowledgments

이 논문은 박사학위 논문을 정리한 것입니다.

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