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The Korean Society for Journalism & Communication Studies - Vol. 65 , No. 6
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[ Article ]
Korean Journal of Journalism & Communication Studies - Vol. 65, No. 6, pp. 147-201
Abbreviation: KSJCS
ISSN: 2586-7369 (Online)
Print publication date 31 Dec 2021
Received 08 Oct 2021 Accepted 01 Dec 2021 Revised 07 Dec 2021
https://doi.org/10.20879/kjjcs.2021.65.6.004

광장 정치와 집회 유튜버의 활동 : 2019년 태극기 집회 참여관찰을 통해 본 유튜버의 역할과 정체성
이종명**
**대구가톨릭대학교 프란치스코칼리지 연구교수 (journaleest@cu.ac.kr)

The Role of the YouTuber in Square Politics : A participant observation of the 2019 Taegukgi rally YouTubers in South Korea
Jongmyung Lee**
**Research Professor, Francisco College, Daegu Catholic University (journaleest@cu.ac.kr)
초록

본 연구는 전통적 뉴스 미디어의 대체를 주장하는 유튜버에 주목한다. 정치와 미디어를 아우르는 헤게모니 지형 변화를 상징하는 변곡점으로써 박근혜 전 대통령의 탄핵과 그 이후를 주요 국면으로 삼는다. 그중 기존 정치에 대한 반발로서 광장 정치의 목소리에 집중한다. 태극기 집회 참가자이자 소셜 미디어 생산자인 유튜버의 활동이 주요 쟁점이다. 광장이라는 정치 공간에서의 의사소통이 여느 때보다 활발히 이루어지는 지금, 유튜버가 생산하는 콘텐츠와 집회 현장에서의 발화 및 행위를 미디어 의례로 탐문할 필요성이 제기된다. 연구는 첫째, 광장 정치로써 태극기 집회와 집회 유튜버의 활동을 참여관찰을 통해 파악한다. 둘째, 심층 인터뷰를 통해 유튜버의 자발적이면서 한편으로는 정당에 의해 동원되는 활동의 정치적 맥락을 살핀다. 셋째, 이를 통해 확립된 유튜버의 정체성과 그 의미를 이해한다. 2022년 대통령 선거를 앞두고 팬데믹 이후 정치적 목소리가 광장에 집결될 가능성이 제기되는 상황에서, 집회 현장 유튜버의 콘텐츠와 활동의 이유를 살펴본다는 데 그 의의가 있다.

Abstract

This study focused on the role of YouTuber during the Taegukgi (South Korean national flag) rallies in South Korea in 2019. As YouTubers insist on replacing traditional media, communication of the politics of public space is more active than ever. Under this circumstance, there is a need to investigate the content produced by YouTubers and their messages and actions with media rituals. The purpose of this study is threefold: (1) explore the role of YouTubers in Taegukgi rallies, referred to as square politics, through participatory observation, (2) examine the political context of the activities mobilized in part voluntarily by YouTubers, and partly by political parties through in-depth interviews, and (3) understand the process of the YouTubers’ identity formation and its meaning. Ever since YouTube emerged as an innovative platform for posting and communicating with online video over ten years ago, it has replaced the legacy media and became a significant vehicle representing political views. Based on this current media environment, YouTubers have simply discarded the legacy media’s reports and came to have a firm belief that YouTube would play a significant role in delivering the growing voices of the protesters in square politics. The complexity of contemporary politics in the South Korean society ― the turmoil after democratization, around severe polarization of political powers ― has caused the street YouTubers, mostly comprising the Korean older generation to initiate what they believed as patriotic activism. The YouTubers has kept consistently appealing ‘the fraud of presidential impeachment’. Such YouTubers’ activities have escalated wrath and anger against the legacy media, accused of the left-wing. The religious narrative of ‘immaculate Park Geun-hye’ has become the common feeling among themselves. The right-wing politicians including the ‘Our Republican Party’ has aggressively collaborated with the YouTubers. Moreover, they ‘ten million innocence movement’ and kept insisting ‘the impeachment of disgraced former president Park’ to accelerate not only the rally but also their political project across the nation. To be specific, based on dedicated support from the party, these YouTubers have been empowered to report in terms of the live broadcasts on demand of audiences at the front line of the rally. YouTubers have changed the way people consume news content, more importantly getting involved in the production related to Taegukgi rally as the only way to deliver the growing truth that they believed. In conclusion, the YouTubers in the square have played a key role in propagating content tailored to the needs of their favorable viewers as well as the YouTubers themselves and consolidated their identities. With the possibility of political voices gathering in the square after the pandemic ahead of the 2022 presidential election, it is meaningful to examine the contents and reasons driving the political activities of YouTubers at the square.

KeywordsPolitical YouTuber, Square politics, Taegeukgi rallies, 2019 South Korea, Political Mediation
키워드: 광장 정치, 태극기 집회, 2019년 대한민국, 시사정치 유튜버, 정치적 매개
Acknowledgments

This article is based on Jongmyung Lee’s 2020 Ph.D. dissertation(본 연구는 이종명의 2020년 고려대학교 일반대학원 언론학 박사학위 논문의 일부를 발췌, 수정한 논문입니다.)

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부록Ⅱ.
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2. 미디어워치 (2017.07.14.). “‘박근혜 대통령 무죄석방 1천만명 서명운동’ 스마트폰으로도 참여 가능” Retrieved 12/26/21 from https://www.mediawatch.kr/news/article.html?no=252277
3. 시사인 (2019.06.05.). “보수 유튜브를 움직이는 원동력은?” Retrieved 12/26/21 from https://www.sisain.co.kr/news/articleView.html?idxno=34736
4. 영천투데이 (2017.08.02.). “ “빼앗긴 들에도 봄은 오는가!”, 대한애국당, 박근혜 구하기 본격 행보” Retrieved 12/26/21 http://www.yctoday.net/news/view.php?idx=2089
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6. 조선일보 (2018.08.27.). “태극기 집회엔 돈받고 동원된 노인뿐?… 대졸·중산층이 절반 넘어” Retrieved 12/26/21 https://www.chosun.com/site/data/html_dir/2018/08/27/2018082700227.html
7. 조선일보 (2019.05.01.). “ “박근혜 前 대통령 석방하라”...대한애국당, 서명 135만개 법원 제출” Retrieved 12/26/21 https://www.chosun.com/site/data/html_dir/2019/05/01/2019050101970.html
8. 주간동아 (2019.06.01.). “우파 유튜버 더는 老튜버 아니다” Retrieved 12/26/21 https://www.donga.com/news/article/all/20190601/95801149/1
9. 개미애국방송 (2019.02.20.). 철저히 삼권분립을 무시하는 정권? | 조원진 대한애국당 대표 주요발언 | 수요 대한애국당 최고위원 및 당직자 연석회의 .19.02.20 Retrieved 12/26/21 https://youtu.be/aViozInJzLo
10. 개미애국방송 (2019.02.25.). “강연 | 박근혜대통령에 대한 사건의 진실을 말씀드리겠습니다! | 우종창 기자 | 서울대학교.19.02.25” Retrieved 12/26/21 https://youtu.be/kmERCeJ2yus
11. 개미애국방송 (2019.06.01.). “자유민주주의 구출하자! 대한민국 지켜내자! | 126차 태극기집회 생방송.19.06.01” Retrieved 12/26/21 https://youtu.be/nlxbimmMxYU
12. 라이브코리아 (2019.01.26.). “#고공촬영# 끝이 안보이는 광화문광장의 태극기#최고높이에서 촬영” Retrieved 12/26/21 https://youtu.be/cM9IZEtC3ZM
13. 봉주르방송국 (2019.02.09.). “19/2,9 태극기집회 광화문 일파만파등 애국단체 민노총 충돌 볼만 친박집회는 대한민국을 살립니다” Retrieved 12/26/21 https://youtu.be/6ltDoRQc3eY
14. 안중규TV (2019.02.09.). “토요일 태극기 집회 스케치! 190209 안중규 TV” Retrieved 12/26/21 https://youtu.be/0xovxaKBbxA
15. 파파존TV (2019.02.04.). “박근혜대통령 구출 서명대에 난동피운 좌좀의 최후.. (대한애국당 태극기 애국시민)” Retrieved 12/26/21 https://youtu.be/c0FRl4-_xe0
16. 파파존 TV (2019.04.29). "무죄석방 천만인 서명운동/경기광주 왕실도자기축제,경안소재 이마트,신협앞 서명운동중 좌빨의 도발로 어의상실!!" Retrieved 12/26/21 https://youtu.be/sjUS_LEJmqw
17. 허준선생TV (2019.02.16.). “☆태극기애국민 서울역으로~☆(190216)” Retrieved 12/26/21 https://youtu.be/TzLlI_Yr7lI
18. tv자유그네 (2019.03.01.). “■ 3.1절 태극기 집회 - 경찰과 2차 충돌 ■” Retrieved 12/26/21 https://youtu.be/v2eg1VaXj5o
19. TV baijin (2019.05.04.). “5월4일_ 세계가 지켜보며 응원하는 태극기집회_ 홍문종 의원” Retrieved 12/26/21 https://youtu.be/FtCsQFdCh8g