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The Korean Society for Journalism & Communication Studies (KSJCS)
[ Article ]
Korean Journal of Journalism & Communication Studies - Vol. 66, No. 6, pp.426-457
ISSN: 2586-7369 (Online)
Print publication date 31 Dec 2022
Received 12 Aug 2022 Revised 28 Nov 2022 Accepted 30 Nov 2022
DOI: https://doi.org/10.20879/kjjcs.2022.66.6.012

재난사고에 대한 공영방송과 상업방송 간 의제 비교 : <KBS>와 <채널A>의 세월호 보도 키워드와 네트워크 분석을 통해

이완수** ; 최명일***
**동서대학교 미디어콘텐츠대학 교수 wansoo1960@gmail.com
***남서울대학교 광고홍보학과 교수 jhmi0410@nsu.ac.kr
Comparison of the Disaster Accidents Agendas by Public and Commercial Broadcasting : Using Sewol Ferry News’s Keywords and Network Analysis on KBS and Channel A
Wansoo Lee** ; Myungil Choi***
**Professor, College of Media Contents, Dongseo University, First Author wansoo1960@gmail.com
***Professor, Department of Advertising & Public Relations, Namseoul University, Corresponding Author jhmi0410@nsu.ac.kr

초록

이 연구는 키워드와 네트워크 의제설정을 이론적 배경으로 하여 공영 재난방송 주관사인 <KBS>와 민영 상업방송사인 <채널A>가 구성한 세월호 재난사고 의제를 비교 분석했다. 또한 네트워크 프라이밍을 이론적 배경으로 사고책임 주체(해양경찰, 대통령, 선장, 유병언)에 따라 동원된 속성 의제를 비교 분석했다. 키워드 의제설정 측면에서 <KBS>는 수색, 사고, 구조 등과 같은 키워드를 사용해 사고수습이나 희생자 수색과 관련된 의제에 집중한 반면에, <채널A>는 유병언, 구원, 시신, 실종자 등과 같은 키워드를 중심으로 특정종교 단체와의 연관성을 의제화했다. 네트워크 프레이밍의 경우 <KBS>는 구조, 실종자, 사고, 수색, 잠수 등과 같은 키워드를 중심으로 의제를 연결한데 반해, <채널A>는 세월호를 중심으로 참사, 수색, 구조에 대한 의제 1그룹을, 유병언을 중심으로 하는 검찰, 구원파, 청해진해운, 소환에 대한 의제 2그룹을, 그리고 가족을 중심으로 실종자, 박근혜, 유가족, 눈물에 대한 의제 3그룹으로 구분됐다. 마지막으로 네트워크 프라이밍의 측면에서는 해양경찰과 선장에 대해서는 <KBS>와 <채널A>가 유사한 키워드를 통해 프라이밍을 한 반면에, 대통령과 유병언에 대해서는 두 채널이 차별적으로 속성 프라이밍을 했다. 해양경찰에 대해서는 두 채널 모두 승객구조와 수사활동의 주체라는 점, 선장에 대해서는 승객을 버리고 탈출한 비난의 대상으로 귀인하는 네트워크 방식으로 프라이밍 했다. 대통령에 대해서는 <KBS>는 국민 안전과 위로의 주체자로, <채널A>는 세월호 사고의 책임뿐만 아니라, 유가족에게 사과를 해야 하는 주체로 프라이밍했다. 유병언과 관련해서는 <KBS>는 수사대상으로 프라이밍한 반면에, <채널A>는 유병언 뿐만 아니라, 그 일가족과 종교집단까지 수사대상에 포함해 프라이밍했다. 이 연구는 공영방송과 상업방송 매체가 보도한 세월호 사고 키워드 분석과 네트워크 분석을 통해 재난사고 의제설정 연구의 확장 가능성을 중심으로 논의했다.

Abstract

This study compared and analyzed the Sewol disaster agendas composed by KBS, the primary channel for disaster broadcasting, and by Channel A, a commercial channel, based on keywords and network agenda setting as a theoretical background. In addition, with the theoretical background of network priming, this study compared and analyzed the attribute agendas set for four actors responsible for the accident (Marine Police, the President, the captain, and Byung-eon Yoo). In terms of keyword agenda setting, KBS focused on the agenda related to accident management and victim rescue (keywords such as search, accident, and rescue). On the other hand, Channel A focused on the agenda related to a specific religious sect (keywords such as Yoo Byung-eon, salvation, the bodies of the victims, and missing persons). In the case of network framing, KBS connected the agendas centered on keywords such as rescue, time, missing persons, accident, search, and diving. Channel A, on the other hand, divided the agendas into three groups. Group one was about disaster, search, and rescue with the Sewol ferry as the focal point. Group two was about the Prosecutor's Office, the Salvation sect, Cheonghaejin Shipping with Yoo Byung-eon as its focal point. Group three was about missing persons, Park Geun-hye, the bereaved family, and tears with a focus on the families. Lastly, in terms of network priming, KBS and Channel A primed similar keywords for the maritime police and the captain, whereas the two channels did attribute priming differentially for the President and Yoo Byung-eon. For the maritime police, both channels primed it as the critical player in passenger rescue and investigation operations. For the captain, both channels primed the captain as the target of accusation that he abandoned his passengers and fled. Regarding the President, KBS primed her as the agent in charge of ensuring the comfort and safety of the public, and Channel A primed her as the one who should offer an apology and take responsibility for the Sewol ferry accident. Regarding Yoo Byung-eon, KBS primed him as the subject of an investigation, whereas Channel A primed not only Yoo Byung-eon but also his family and religious groups as the subject of an investigation. This study discussed the possibility of expanding the research on agenda setting for disaster accidents using keyword and network analyses of the Sewol ferry accident reports from public broadcasting(KBS) and commercial broadcasting media(Channel A).

Keywords:

broadcasting media, Sewol ferry accident report, keyword agenda setting, network agenda setting, network priming

키워드:

방송 매체, 세월호 사고보도, 키워드 의제설정, 네트워크 의제설정, 네트워크 프라이밍

Acknowledgments

이 논문은 2022년도 동서대학교 “Dongseo Cluster Project” 지원에 의해 수행되었다 (DSU-20220003).

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