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The Korean Society for Journalism & Communication Studies (KSJCS)
[ Journalism Communication ]
Korean Journal of Journalism & Communication Studies - Vol. 62, No. 6, pp.37-65
ISSN: 2586-7369 (Online)
Print publication date 31 Dec 2018
Received 07 Aug 2018 Revised 30 Nov 2018 Accepted 03 Dec 2018
DOI: https://doi.org/10.20879/kjjcs.2018.62.6.002

미투운동은 누구에게 어떤 과정을 통해 지지받는가? : 미디어의동원효과와성별의조절효과를중심으로

주은혜* ; 백영민**
*연세대학교언론홍보영상학부4학년, 주저자 gracechoo0011@gmail.com
**연세대학교언론홍보영상학부부교수, 교신저자 ymbaek@yonsei.ac.kr
Who supports #MeToo movement, and how are they mobilized? Focusing on the different media mobilization mechanism between women and men
Eun Hae Choo* ; Young Min Baek**
*BA student, Department of Communication, Yonsei University gracechoo0011@gmail.com
**Associate professor, Department of Communication, Yonsei University ymbaek@yonsei.ac.kr

초록

본 연구는 사회운동의 동원(mobilization) 과정 및 집단정체성 이론을 토대로 최근 급격하게 확산된 미투운동(#MeToo movement) 관련 미디어보도가 수용자의 미투운동 참여의사 형성에미친영향을살펴보았다. 젠더(gender) 관련사회운동참여및태도에대한선행연구를기반으로 미디어보도에의 노출이 ‘젠더문화의 심각성 인식’, ‘미투운동을 통한 젠더불평등 개선기대감’, ‘미투운동의 반발 우려’를 매개하여 미투운동 참여의사에 간접적인 영향을 미치는지, 아니면매개과정없이직접적인영향을미치는지살펴보았다. 또한이러한미디어의동원효과패턴이 ‘성별’이라는 집단정체성에 따라 달라지는지 살펴보았다. 본 연구는 한국언론진흥재단 미디어연구센터에서실시한“성폭력피해폭로‘미투’ 운동에대한국민인식” 온라인설문조사응답자(N=1063)의 응답을 2차분석하였으며, 미디어의 동원효과와 성별의 조절효과를 검증하기위해다집단구조방정식모형분석을실시하였다. 주요연구결과는다음과같다, 첫째, 미디어의 동원효과는 남성(n=499)과 여성(n=501) 응답자 모두에게 나타났다. 둘째, 반면 성별에 따라 동원효과의 패턴은 다르게 나타났다. 남성응답자에게서는 미디어보도 노출이 한국 젠더문화의 심각성 인식과 미투운동을 통한 젠더불평등 개선기대감을 경유해 참여의사를 형성하는 간접효과가 나타난 반면, 여성응답자에게서는 미디어보도 노출이 별다른 매개 없이 곧바로 미투운동 참여의사로 이어지는 직접효과가 발생했다. 즉 미투운동 관련 미디어보도에의 노출이 참여의사 형성에 미치는 영향은 그 유형은 달랐지만 남녀 모두에게서 유의미하게 발견되었다. 연구결과를토대로연구의함의와한계점역시제시하였다.

Abstract

This study, based on previous works on people’s participation to and attitude towards social movement, examines how the mass media influence people’s attitudes toward the #MeToo movement. We examine the pattern of media mobilization, and how it differs between women and men. Specifically, we focus on the role of mediating variables, such as ‘recognition of the seriousness of gender culture,’ ‘expectations of #MeToo movement on solving gender inequality,’ and ‘concern towards the backlash of #MeToo movement,’ linking the relationship between media exposure and social movement participation; additionally, how the mediating mechanism varies, depending on the gender of respondents. Exploiting multi-group structural equation modeling, a second analysis of public data provided by Korea Press Foundation Media Research Center (N = 1063) was conducted to test the mobilization effect of media and how the effect is moderated by gender. Our findings, interestingly, show female mobilization effect occurs without mediation (i.e., direct effect) but male mobilization effect is observed via mediating routes (i.e., indirect effect). However, the total effect size of mobilization is similar between women and men. Implications and limitations of our findings are also discussed.

Keywords:

#MeToo movement, group identity, social movement participation, backlash, multi-group SEM

키워드:

미투운동, 집단정체성, 사회운동참여, 반발(backlash), 다집단구조방정식모형

Acknowledgments

이논문은2016년도정부재원(교육부인문사회연구역량강화사업비)으로한국연구재단의지원을받아연구되었음(NRF-2016S1A3A2925033)

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