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The Korean Society for Journalism & Communication (KSJCS)
[ Article ]
Korean Journal of Journalism & Communication Studies - Vol. 64, No. 5, pp.248-285
ISSN: 2586-7369 (Online)
Print publication date 31 Oct 2020
Received 12 Jun 2020 Revised 14 Sep 2020 Accepted 05 Oct 2020
DOI: https://doi.org/10.20879/kjjcs.2020.64.5.007

국가경제에 대한 미디어 의제 구성 : 신문과 방송 경제뉴스 데이터(1998-2017) 분석을 통해 본 의제의 현저성과 위계성

이완수* ; 신명환**
*동서대학교 미디어커뮤니케이션학부 부교수 wansoo1960@gmail.com
**경성대학교 LINC+ 겸임교수 shin_comm@naver.com
Media Agenda Building on the National Economy : Salience and Hierarchy of the Agenda in Newspaper and Broadcasting Economic News Data(1998-2017)
Wan Soo Lee* ; Myoung Hwan Shin**
*Associate Professor, Broadcasting & Media Studies, Dongseo University wansoo1960@gmail.com
**Adjunct Professor, LINC+ , KyungSung University, corresponding author shin_comm@naver.com

초록

이 연구는 한국 언론이 현저하게 강조하는 경제의제가 무엇인지를 알아보기 위해 의제형성 이론을 적용해 실증적 분석을 시도했다. 이를 위해 이 연구는 20년간 장기 시계열 데이터를 바탕으로 미디어가 구성하는 경제의제의 현저성이 매체특성, 정부시기, 정부이념, 경기상황, 보도시제에 따라 어떤 차이를 보이는지를 빈도분석으로 살펴보았다. 분석결과, 한국 언론들은 국가경제 문제 가운데 경기동향, 주가, 물가인플레이션, 환율금리, 경제정책 순으로 경제의제를 현저하게 다뤘다. 매체별 분석에서 신문은 경제정책이나 경기동향과 같은 거시경제 의제를, 방송은 시장물가, 주식시장, 금융시장 등 실물경제에 관련된 미시경제 의제를 상대적으로 많이 다뤘다. 특히 공영방송은 무역수지나 경제성장률과 같은 통계경제에 대한 추상적 의제를, 상업방송은 시장물가, 주식시장, 금융시장과 같은 실물경제 의제를 각각 현저하게 다뤘다. 정부별 분석결과, 김대중과 노무현 정부시기에는 경기동향과 주식시장이, 이명박 정부시기에는 시장물가와 환율금리가, 박근혜 정부시기에는 경기동향과 경제정책이 각각 상대적으로 더 현저하게 다뤄졌다. 이들 정부를 이념으로 구분해 살펴본 결과에서는 진보정부 시기동안에는 경기동향과 주식시장이, 보수정부 시기동안에는 경기동향, 시장물가, 그리고 금융시장에 대한 보도의제 비율이 높았다. 경기 국면별 분석에서는 경기동향에 대한 보도의제가 경기국면에 관계없이 가장 많은 가운데, 경기수축기에는 경제정책이나 환율금리가, 경기확장기에는 주식시장, 물가시장, 무역수지에 대한 보도의제가 상대적으로 많았다. 보도의 준거시점에 따른 의제 현저성 분석에서는 과거의 경우 무역수지와 실업률이, 현재는 주가, 금리환율이, 미래의 경우는 경제정책과 경제전망에 대한 의제 현저성이 두드러졌다. 본 연구는 경제의제의 현저성과 위계가 미디어 조직을 둘러싼 다양한 내·외부 조건이나 정치경제적 환경에 따라 다르게 결정된다는 관점을 중심으로 논의했다.

Abstract

This study attempted an empirical analysis by applying the agenda building theory to find out what economic agenda Korean media remarkably emphasizes. To this end, this study examined how the salience of economic agenda constituted by the media based on long-term time series data for 20 years(1998-2017) differs according to media characteristics, government period, government ideology, economic situation, and reporting tense. Result shows that Korean media remarkably dealt with economic agenda in the order of economic trends, stock prices, inflation, exchange/interest rates, and economic policies among national economic issues. In the analysis by media, newspapers dealt with macroeconomic agendas such as economic policies and economic trends, while broadcasting dealt with microeconomic agendas related to the real economy such as consumption markets, stock markets, and financial markets. In particular, public broadcasting dealt with abstract agendas for statistical economy such as trade balance and economic growth rate, while commercial broadcasting dealt with concrete agendas such as market price, stock market, and financial market. As for the result of analysis by government, economic trends and stock markets during the Kim Dae-jung and Roh Moo-hyun administrations, market prices and exchange rates during the Lee Myung-bak administration, and economic trends and economic policies during the Park Geun-hye administration were dealt with relatively more prominently. The results of dividing these governments by ideology show that during the period of the liberal government, economic trends and stock markets were more salient, and during the period of the conservative government, the rate of reporting on economic trends, market prices, and financial markets was high. For the result of the analysis of business cycle, the agenda on economic policy or exchange/interest rates during the economic contraction period, and the stock market, inflation, and trade balance during the economic expansion period were remarkable. In the analysis of the agenda salience according to the reference point of the report, the trade balance and unemployment rate were mainly reported in the past tense, the stock price and exchange/interest rate in the present tense, and economic policy and economic outlook in the future tense. This study discussed the viewpoint that the salience and hierarchy of the economic agenda is determined differently depending on various internal and external conditions surrounding the media organization or political and economic environment.

Keywords:

National economy, Economic news, Economic agenda, Agenda-building, Agenda salience

키워드:

국가경제, 경제뉴스, 경제의제, 의제형성, 의제 현저성

Acknowledgments

This paper was supported by Dongseo University, “Dongseo Cluster Project” Research Fund of 2020(DSU-20200009)(이 연구는 동서대학교 2020년도 “동서 클러스터 프로젝트” 펀드로 수행되었다).

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Appendix

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