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지역 언론의 구조적 악순환과 전략적 대안
초록
지리적 공간에 기반했던 전통적 개념의 지역성이 교통과 통신 등의 발달로 인해 다층적이고 복합적인 지역성 개념으로 진화하고 있다. 지역 언론 역시 달라진 매체 환경 속에서 새로이 지역성을 확립하고 그들 나름의 생존과 발전을 모색해야 할 상황에 처했다. 이 연구는 지역지 기자, 전국지 지역 담당 기자들과 심층 인터뷰를 통해 그들이 현재 인식하는 지역성의 개념, 지역 언론의 존재 가치, 지역 언론의 위기 인식 및 원인 진단, 그들이 생각하는 대안을 살펴보았다. 그 결과, 지역지 기자들은 우선 전통적인 공간 중심의 개념으로 지역 보도에 접근했으며, 스스로를 지역의 사관(史官), 지역민의 대변자, 지역 이익의 수호자로 인식했다. 그러나 포털 중심의 온라인 저널리즘 환경이 형성되면서 지역 언론이 배제된 뉴스 유통 구조가 지역 언론의 영향력 약화와 지역 언론의 경제적 토대를 붕괴시키는 원인이 되었다고 진단했다. 또한, 지역 언론 내부 문제점으로는 변화에 기민하게 대응하지 못하는 편집국의 보수적 문화, 지역 뉴스 이용자의 참여 한계 등을 토로했다. 지역 언론의 생존 방안으로 지역 기자들은 동영상 콘텐츠 등을 제작하며 종래의 틀을 벗어날 필요성을 제기하였다. 이어 지역 언론의 새로운 활로로 제시되어 온 신지역주의나 하이퍼-로컬리즘에 관한 지역 언론인들의 인식을 알아보았다.
Abstract
As technology continues to develop and diffuse rapidly, drastic changes are taking place in various areas of our contemporary society, including the media environment and market. Local media, including local newspapers and local broadcasting stations are no exception to such change. In addition, as the traditional concept of locality, which is based on geographic space and boundary, evolves into a more multi-layered and complex concept of locality due to the development of transportation and communication technology, local media have been called on to newly establish the concept of locality in the changing media environment and required to seek their own way of survival and development. Beginning from this background, the current study conducted in-depth interviews with eight local newspaper reporters, including reporters from local newspapers and local correspondents of nation-wide newspapers. In the interviews with the reporters, the researchers asked several pivotal and probing questions, including those regarding the concept of locality they have in mind as local reporters, the meaning of the existence of local media, the current crisis and its causes surrounding their medium, and possible alternatives in their struggle for existence. After analysis, the researchers found that the interviewees from local newspapers are still sticking to the region-based traditional concept of locality and recognize themselves as chroniclers of local issues and history, advocates of the local people, and defenders of local interests against the central government. On the one hand, however, they confessed that the current local media crisis was caused not only by the external environment, such as increase of online news media, portal news, and breaking-news competition, but also internal problems, for example, the conservative atmosphere of their organization and internal resistance toward work environment changes. In addition, the interviewees suggested the necessity of crossover media production and deviations from existing practices. For example, newspaper companies need to have the ability to create and provide video content to their subscribers through different channels, such as YouTube, even though they have been known as newspaper companies through the decades in their respective regions. However, the researchers were not able to catch the recognition of neo-localism or hyper-localism, which have been suggested as new directions for the local media, from the interviewees. In summary, in order for the local media to overcome the current crisis and find a new way of survival and prosperity, it is recommended that they evolve their conception of locality into a multi-faceted one and become aware of new trends involving media localism.
Keywords:
local journalism, locality, neo-localism, hyper-localism키워드:
지역 언론, 지역성, 신지역주의, 하이퍼 로컬리즘Acknowledgments
지역 언론의 발전을 위해 이 연구의 인터뷰에 적극 응해주셨던 부산경남지역 기자님께 감사의 말씀을 전합니다. 또한 좋은 논문으로 거듭날 수 있도록 많은 조언을 해주신 세 분의 심사 위원께도 감사의 말씀을 전합니다.
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