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The Korean Society for Journalism & Communication (KSJCS)
[ Article ]
Korean Journal of Journalism & Communication Studies - Vol. 65, No. 3, pp.5-38
ISSN: 2586-7369 (Online)
Print publication date 30 Jun 2021
Received 29 Mar 2021 Accepted 04 Jun 2021 Revised 07 Jun 2021
DOI: https://doi.org/10.20879/kjjcs.2021.65.3.001

정치기사 익명 취재원 표기 관행 : 미국 뉴욕타임스와 한국 주요 일간지 비교 연구

이나연** ; 김창숙*** ; 김지현****
**성신여자대학교 미디어커뮤니케이션학과 부교수 larosa@sungshin.ac.kr
***이화여자대학교 커뮤니케이션미디어연구소 연구교수 mulsu@ewha.ac.kr
****연세대학교 커뮤니케이션연구소 전문연구원 realjjyun@gmail.com
A Study on the Journalism Practice of Anonymous News Sources of Political News : A Comparative Analysis of Korean Newspapers and the New York Times
Na Yeon Lee** ; Changsook Kim*** ; Jeehyun Kim****
**Associate Professor, Dept. of Media & Communication, Sungshin Women’s University, corresponding author larosa@sungshin.ac.kr
***Research Professor, Ewha Communication & Media Research Center, Ewha Womans University mulsu@ewha.ac.kr
****Principal Researcher, Communication Research Institute, Yonsei University realjjyun@gmail.com

초록

이 연구는 국내 일간지의 정치기사에 사용된 익명 취재원의 표기법을 미국의 뉴욕타임스와 비교하여 국내 기사 작성 관행의 문제점을 진단하고 개선 방안을 모색하고자 수행되었다. 익명 취재원 사용을 엄격하게 제한하는 윤리적 규범에도 불구하고 익명 취재원을 사용할 수밖에 없는 불가피한 경우에는 뉴스 이용자에게 익명 취재원에 대한 정보를 최대한 제공하라는 저널리즘의 원칙을 토대로 두 나라 기사를 비교, 분석한 것이다. 이 연구에서 익명 취재원에 대한 정보는 1) 취재원의 실명을 밝히지 않는 이유를 기사에서 설명하는지 2) 뉴스 이용자가 익명 취재원을 신뢰할 수 있도록 신원에 대한 정보를 제공하는지 등으로 분석하였다. 아울러, 국내 정치기사에서 익명 취재원을 어떻게 표현하는지를 알아보았다. 이를 위해 국내 주요 6개 일간지의 정치기사 975건과 뉴욕타임스 정치기사 113건 등 1088건을 내용분석한 결과 전체 기사 중 499건(45.9%)에서 익명 취재원을 사용한 것으로 나타났다. 또한, 499건의 기사에는 익명 취재원이 총 925번 사용되었으며 이 가운데 국내가 798건, 뉴욕타임스가 127건이었다. 분석 결과, 국내에서 익명 취재원을 사용하며 그 이유를 밝힌 사례는 10건(1.3%)에 불과했으며, 뉴욕타임스도 10건(7.9%)에 머물렀다. 익명 취재원에 대한 정보를 제공한 기사는 국내 60건(7.5%), 뉴욕타임스 48건(37.8%)으로 유의미한 차이를 보였다. 한편, 국내 정치기사에서 가장 많이 사용된 익명 취재원 표기법은 ‘관계자’로 364건의 익명 취재원에서 사용되었다.

Abstract

The purpose of the current study is to examine the problems of Korean newspapers’ writing practices and to seek improvements by comparing the journalism practice of using anonymous news sources in the political news coverage in Korean newspapers with that of the New York Times. Scholars in journalism research point out that anonymous sources should only be used in inevitable cases, and by providing as much information as possible about the anonymous sources. Based on the guidelines, this study analyzed information on anonymous sources by determining (1) whether the article provides the reason why the news source was not disclosed, (2) whether news articles provide enough information about the identity of anonymous sources so that news users can trust the news coverage. Also examined were the terms used to describe anonymous sources in the Korean newspapers.

By conducting a content analysis of 1088 cases, including 975 political articles in six major Korean newspapers and 113 political articles in the New York Times, we found that (1) 499 (45.9%) articles cited anonymous sources, within which appeared 925 anonymous sources; (2) 798 anonymous sources appeared in the Korean newspapers, out of which only 10 cases (1.3%) revealed the reason for the use of anonymous sources, whereas the New York Times accounted for 127 anonymous sources, out of which 10 cases (7.9%) offered reasons for anonymity; and (3) the difference in the number of articles providing information on the anonymous sources was statistically significant: 60 cases (7.5%) in Korea and 48 cases (37.8%) in the New York Times. The most frequently used notation for anonymous sources in the Korean news articles was 'the official', which was used to describe 364 anonymous sources.

Keywords:

anonymous news sources, reason for using anonymous sources, information on anonymous sources, classification of anonymous news sources

키워드:

익명 취재원, 익명 취재원 사용 이유, 익명 취재원에 대한 정보, 익명 취재원 표기 분류

Acknowledgments

This research was based on quantitative data of the political journalism research project conducted by the Journalism Research Group(이 논문은 좋은저널리즘연구회가 추진하는 정치 저널리즘 연구 프로젝트의 양적분석 자료를 바탕으로 하였음).

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