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The Korean Society for Journalism & Communication (KSJCS)
[ Article ]
Korean Journal of Journalism & Communication Studies - Vol. 65, No. 3, pp.163-200
ISSN: 2586-7369 (Online)
Print publication date 30 Jun 2021
Received 11 Dec 2020 Accepted 04 Jun 2021 Revised 07 Jun 2021
DOI: https://doi.org/10.20879/kjjcs.2021.65.3.005

무엇이 한국 언론 자유와 언론 신뢰에 대한 인식에 개입하나 : 능선 회귀(Ridge Regression)와 Lasso 통계학습을 중심으로

임종섭**
**서강대학교 지식융합미디어학부 교수 limj@sogang.ac.kr
What Factors Influence the Perception of Media Freedom and Media Credibility in South Korea : The Application of Ridge Regression and Lasso
Jeongsub Lim**
**Professor, School of Media, Arts, and Science, Sogang University limj@sogang.ac.kr

초록

본 연구는 한국 사회에서 언론 자유 인식과 언론 신뢰 인식을 예측하는 변수들이 무엇인지를 체계적으로 파악하고 선행 연구에서 목격되는 언론 자유와 언론 신뢰 간의 역설이 실제로 어떻게 존재하는가를 고찰하고자 한다. 이를 위해 본 연구는 한국언론진흥재단의 언론 수용자 의식 조사라는 2차 자료를 능선 회귀와 lasso라는 통계학습 기법으로 분석해 가장 유의한 예측변수들을 판별하고 언론 자유와 언론 신뢰 간에 상관관계를 분석했다. 그 결과, 설문 응답자들이 인식하는 언론 자유를 가장 중요하게 예측하는 변수는 언론의 전문성, 공정성, 정확성으로 나타났다. 또한, 종이 신문, TV, 라디오가 제공하는 뉴스에 대한 신뢰가 언론 자유 인식에 정의 관계로 영향을 미쳤다. 언론 신뢰를 가장 중요하게 예측한 변수는 언론의 정확성, 공정성, 전문성이었으며, TV와 포털, 잡지, 뉴스 사이트가 제작한 뉴스에 대한 신뢰도 언론 신뢰 인식에 개입했다. 이와 함께, 사회 참여와 인터넷 포털에서 정보 검색으로 뉴스 이용, 실시간 검색 이용은 언론 신뢰 인식에 부정적인 영향을 미쳤다. 언론 자유 인식과 언론 신뢰 인식은 정의 관계로 나타나 선행 연구가 제시한 두 개념 간에 역설은 출현하지 않았다.

Abstract

This study examined what variables predicted how people perceived South Korean media freedom and media credibility, and investigated how the media freedom-credibility paradox observed in prior research existed. To this end, this study applied ridge regression and lasso, statistical learning techniques, to the secondary data provided by the Korea Press Foundation, “Analysis of Media Audience Perception”, to select the most significant predictors and analyze the correlation between media freedom and media credibility. As a result, media professionalism, fairness, and accuracy were the most significant predictors for survey participants’ perception of media freedom. The credibility of news provided by newspapers, television, and radio positively predicted perceived media freedom. Media accuracy, fairness, and professionalism significantly predicted media credibility. The credibility of news provided by television, portals, magazines, and news sites also predicted media credibility. In addition, social participation and news usage through information search or real-time search on portals negatively predicted media credibility. Perceived media freedom had a positive correlation with perceived media credibility, unlike the paradox suggested in prior research.

Keywords:

Media Freedom, Media Credibility, Lasso, Press Professionalism, Fairness

키워드:

언론 자유, 언론 신뢰, 언론의 전문성, 공정성

Acknowledgments

This article was based on a major revision of the conference paper presented to the 5th Conference of Statistical Application of Media Audience and Journalist Analysis (이 논문은 제5회 언론수용자·언론인 조사 통계 활용 학술대회에서 발표한 논문을 대폭 수정한 것임).

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