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The Korean Society for Journalism & Communication Studies (KSJCS)
[ Article ]
Korean Journal of Journalism & Communication Studies - Vol. 66, No. 5, pp.57-94
ISSN: 2586-7369 (Online)
Print publication date 31 Oct 2022
Received 10 Dec 2021 Revised 01 Oct 2022 Accepted 15 Oct 2022
DOI: https://doi.org/10.20879/kjjcs.2022.66.5.002

뉴스 이용, 참여, 출처 인지가 뉴스 미디어 신뢰도에 미치는 영향 : SNS, 메신저, 유튜브를 통한 뉴스 이용을 중심으로

남유원** ; 지성욱***
**한국외국어대학교 미디어커뮤니케이션 학부 박사과정 kongsae48@gmail.com
***한국외국어대학교 미디어커뮤니케이션 학부 부교수 mediaecon3@gmail.com
The Influences of News Uses, Interactivity and Source Recognition on News Media Credibility : Focused on the Consumption of News via SNSs, Messengers, and YouTube
Yuwon NAM** ; Sung Wook Ji***
**Ph.D student, Division of Media Communication, Hankuk University of Foreign Studies, 1st author kongsae48@gmail.com
***Associate Professor, Division of Media Communication, Hankuk University of Foreign Studies, corresponding author mediaecon3@gmail.com

초록

유튜브 등 온라인 동영상 플랫폼과 메신저, SNS를 통한 뉴스 이용이 보편화되고 있다. 본 연구는 디지털 뉴스 환경의 변화 속에서 유튜브 등 온라인 동영상 플랫폼과 메신저, SNS를 통한 뉴스 이용과 참여 경험(뉴스 공유·댓글 작성), 출처 인지가 소셜미디어 뉴스와 기존의 TV, 신문 뉴스에 대한 신뢰도와 어떠한 관계가 있는지를 살펴보았다. 또한 그 과정에서 연령과 참여 경험, 출처 인지가 이용량과 신뢰도 사이의 관계를 조절하는지도 알아보았다.

본 연구는 한국언론진흥재단의 <2020 언론수용자 조사> 데이터에서 소셜미디어를 이용한 적이 있다고 응답한 3,363명의 응답을 분석대상으로 하였다. 연구 결과, 이용자는 소셜미디어 뉴스 이용량이 많을수록 소셜미디어 뉴스를 더욱 신뢰하고 전통미디어 뉴스를 덜 신뢰하는 것으로 나타났다. 이용자가 소셜미디어 뉴스에 댓글을 많이 작성할수록 소셜미디어와 전통미디어 뉴스 모두에 대한 신뢰도가 높아졌으며, 소셜미디어의 뉴스 출처 인지 정도가 클수록 소셜미디어와 전통미디어 뉴스에 대한 신뢰가 높아지는 것으로 나타났다.

본 연구는 주로 저널리즘의 질적 제고 측면에서만 다루던 뉴스 신뢰를 뉴스 이용량, 참여, 출처 인지 등과 같은 이용자의 뉴스 이용 행태를 통해 설명한 의의가 있다. 연구결과에 따르면 이용자의 댓글 작성과 출처 인지 행위가 뉴스 신뢰도를 높이는 데 영향을 주었다. 이는 뉴스 리터러시 교육과 이용자 참여 활성화를 위해 언론과 시민이 함께 노력해야 한다는 새로운 시사점을 제공한다.

Abstract

With the development of new media technologies, readers of the news are migrating from established traditional media outlets, such as newspapers and television, to new platforms such as YouTube, SNSs, and online news websites. This transition has made the news omnipresent, reaching people whenever and wherever they are. It likewise has generally increased the amount of news consumed. Although the pervasiveness of the news has increased readers’ access to current information, it has also raised pressing questions regarding the accuracy of news information and readers’ evaluations of the credibility of the news. What factors influence the credibility of news consumed via traditional media and via social media? This study explores how readers’ news consumption patterns affect their evaluations of the news. More specifically, it aims to address the following research questions and hypotheses: (1) Does the consumption of news via traditional media (or social media) increase the credibility of news consumed via traditional media (or social media)?; (2) Does sharing of and commenting on the news via social media increase the credibility of news consumed via traditional media (or social media)?; (3) What is the interrelationship between the consumption (sharing and commenting) of news and the credibility of news delivered via social media?; and (4) What role do age and the degree of source recognition play in moderating the effects of news consumption, news sharing, and news commenting on news credibility? In order to answer these questions, a secondary data analysis of the Korea Press Foundation’s (KPF) 2020 Media Users in Korea Survey was conducted. The study relies on the data of 3,363 participants who responded that they had obtained news through at least one of the instant messengers, SNSs, and YouTube. The results of the study show a positive relationship between news consumption and users’ trust of news delivered via social media. However, the findings indicate a negative relationship between news consumption and users’ trust when the types of media outlets are different; that is, users who more often consumed news via social media trusted traditional media outlets less. In addition, news commenting had a positive effect on users’ trust of news outlets (whether traditional or social). Moderating effects of age and the degree of recognition of news sources on the patterns of association among news consumption, news sharing, news commenting, and news credibility were also found. The implications of these results are discussed in the context of media literacy education. This paper also provides suggestions for improving news trust and enhancing audience evaluations of news media.

Keywords:

News trust, Social media use, Recognition of news sources, Interactivity on social media, News literacy

키워드:

뉴스 신뢰, 소셜미디어 이용, 출처 인지, 소셜미디어 참여, 뉴스 리터러시

Acknowledgments

This work was supported by the Ministry of Education of the Republic of Korea and National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF-2020S1A5A2A03041480) and Hankuk University of Foreign Studies Research Fund of 2022. 이 연구는 2020년 대한민국 교육부와 한국연구재단(NRF-2020S1A5A2A03041480)과 2022년도 한국외국어대학교 교내학술연구비의 지원을 받아 이루어진 것임.

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