Your browser does not support the PubReader view.
Go to this page to see a list of supporting browsers.
The Korean Society for Journalism & Communication (KSJCS)
[ Article ]
Korean Journal of Journalism & Communication Studies - Vol. 66, No. 5, pp.57-94
ISSN: 2586-7369 (Online)
Print publication date 31 Oct 2022
Received 10 Dec 2021 Revised 01 Oct 2022 Accepted 15 Oct 2022
DOI: https://doi.org/10.20879/kjjcs.2022.66.5.002

뉴스 이용, 참여, 출처 인지가 뉴스 미디어 신뢰도에 미치는 영향 : SNS, 메신저, 유튜브를 통한 뉴스 이용을 중심으로

남유원** ; 지성욱***
**한국외국어대학교 미디어커뮤니케이션 학부 박사과정 kongsae48@gmail.com
***한국외국어대학교 미디어커뮤니케이션 학부 부교수 mediaecon3@gmail.com
The Influences of News Uses, Interactivity and Source Recognition on News Media Credibility : Focused on the Consumption of News via SNSs, Messengers, and YouTube
Yuwon NAM** ; Sung Wook Ji***
**Ph.D student, Division of Media Communication, Hankuk University of Foreign Studies, 1st author kongsae48@gmail.com
***Associate Professor, Division of Media Communication, Hankuk University of Foreign Studies, corresponding author mediaecon3@gmail.com

초록

유튜브 등 온라인 동영상 플랫폼과 메신저, SNS를 통한 뉴스 이용이 보편화되고 있다. 본 연구는 디지털 뉴스 환경의 변화 속에서 유튜브 등 온라인 동영상 플랫폼과 메신저, SNS를 통한 뉴스 이용과 참여 경험(뉴스 공유·댓글 작성), 출처 인지가 소셜미디어 뉴스와 기존의 TV, 신문 뉴스에 대한 신뢰도와 어떠한 관계가 있는지를 살펴보았다. 또한 그 과정에서 연령과 참여 경험, 출처 인지가 이용량과 신뢰도 사이의 관계를 조절하는지도 알아보았다.

본 연구는 한국언론진흥재단의 <2020 언론수용자 조사> 데이터에서 소셜미디어를 이용한 적이 있다고 응답한 3,363명의 응답을 분석대상으로 하였다. 연구 결과, 이용자는 소셜미디어 뉴스 이용량이 많을수록 소셜미디어 뉴스를 더욱 신뢰하고 전통미디어 뉴스를 덜 신뢰하는 것으로 나타났다. 이용자가 소셜미디어 뉴스에 댓글을 많이 작성할수록 소셜미디어와 전통미디어 뉴스 모두에 대한 신뢰도가 높아졌으며, 소셜미디어의 뉴스 출처 인지 정도가 클수록 소셜미디어와 전통미디어 뉴스에 대한 신뢰가 높아지는 것으로 나타났다.

본 연구는 주로 저널리즘의 질적 제고 측면에서만 다루던 뉴스 신뢰를 뉴스 이용량, 참여, 출처 인지 등과 같은 이용자의 뉴스 이용 행태를 통해 설명한 의의가 있다. 연구결과에 따르면 이용자의 댓글 작성과 출처 인지 행위가 뉴스 신뢰도를 높이는 데 영향을 주었다. 이는 뉴스 리터러시 교육과 이용자 참여 활성화를 위해 언론과 시민이 함께 노력해야 한다는 새로운 시사점을 제공한다.

Abstract

With the development of new media technologies, readers of the news are migrating from established traditional media outlets, such as newspapers and television, to new platforms such as YouTube, SNSs, and online news websites. This transition has made the news omnipresent, reaching people whenever and wherever they are. It likewise has generally increased the amount of news consumed. Although the pervasiveness of the news has increased readers’ access to current information, it has also raised pressing questions regarding the accuracy of news information and readers’ evaluations of the credibility of the news. What factors influence the credibility of news consumed via traditional media and via social media? This study explores how readers’ news consumption patterns affect their evaluations of the news. More specifically, it aims to address the following research questions and hypotheses: (1) Does the consumption of news via traditional media (or social media) increase the credibility of news consumed via traditional media (or social media)?; (2) Does sharing of and commenting on the news via social media increase the credibility of news consumed via traditional media (or social media)?; (3) What is the interrelationship between the consumption (sharing and commenting) of news and the credibility of news delivered via social media?; and (4) What role do age and the degree of source recognition play in moderating the effects of news consumption, news sharing, and news commenting on news credibility? In order to answer these questions, a secondary data analysis of the Korea Press Foundation’s (KPF) 2020 Media Users in Korea Survey was conducted. The study relies on the data of 3,363 participants who responded that they had obtained news through at least one of the instant messengers, SNSs, and YouTube. The results of the study show a positive relationship between news consumption and users’ trust of news delivered via social media. However, the findings indicate a negative relationship between news consumption and users’ trust when the types of media outlets are different; that is, users who more often consumed news via social media trusted traditional media outlets less. In addition, news commenting had a positive effect on users’ trust of news outlets (whether traditional or social). Moderating effects of age and the degree of recognition of news sources on the patterns of association among news consumption, news sharing, news commenting, and news credibility were also found. The implications of these results are discussed in the context of media literacy education. This paper also provides suggestions for improving news trust and enhancing audience evaluations of news media.

Keywords:

News trust, Social media use, Recognition of news sources, Interactivity on social media, News literacy

키워드:

뉴스 신뢰, 소셜미디어 이용, 출처 인지, 소셜미디어 참여, 뉴스 리터러시

Acknowledgments

This work was supported by the Ministry of Education of the Republic of Korea and National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF-2020S1A5A2A03041480) and Hankuk University of Foreign Studies Research Fund of 2022. 이 연구는 2020년 대한민국 교육부와 한국연구재단(NRF-2020S1A5A2A03041480)과 2022년도 한국외국어대학교 교내학술연구비의 지원을 받아 이루어진 것임.

References

  • Arpan, L. M., & Raney, A. A. (2003). An experimental investigation of news source and the hostile media effect. Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly, 80(2), 265-281. [https://doi.org/10.1177/107769900308000203]
  • Ban, H. (2003). Experimental study of user credibility on Internet news media. Korean Journal of Broadcasting and Telecommunication Studies, 17(2), 207-231.
  • Ban, H., & Kwon, Y. (2007). The study of the usage correlation between portal and traditional news media. Korean Journal of Journalism & Communication Studies, 51(1), 399-426.
  • Bowman, S., & Willis, C. (2003). We media: How audiences are shaping the future of news and information. Reston, VA: The Media Center at the American Press Institute.
  • Bucy, E. P. (2004). Interactivity in society: Locating an elusive concept. The Information Society, 20(5), 373-383. [https://doi.org/10.1080/01972240490508063]
  • Choi, J. (2018). How do users choose news in online news environment?: Investigating the predictors and consequences of using different news cues on online portal news sites. Korean Journal of Journalism & Communication Studies, 62(2), 143-169. [https://doi.org/10.20879/kjjcs.2018.62.2.005]
  • Choi, S., & Lim, J. (2019). Determinant and consequence of online news authorship verification: Blind news consumption creates press credibility. International Journal of Communication, 13, 23.
  • DeFleur, M. L., & Ball-Rokeach, S. (1989). Theories of mass communication (5th ed.). White Plains, NY: Longman.
  • Dutta-Bergman, M. J. (2004). Complementarity in consumption of news types across traditional and new media. Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media, 48(1), 41-60. [https://doi.org/10.1207/s15506878jobem4801_3]
  • Eveland, W. P. Jr., & Shah, D. V. (2003). The impact of individual and interpersonal factors on perceived news media bias. Political Psychology, 24, 101-117. [https://doi.org/10.1111/0162-895X.00318]
  • Festinger, L. (1962). Cognitive dissonance. Scientific American, 207(4), 93-107. [https://doi.org/10.1038/scientificamerican1062-93]
  • Flanagin, A. J., & Metzger, M. J. (2000). Perceptions of Internet information credibility. Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly, 77(3), 515-540. [https://doi.org/10.1177/107769900007700304]
  • Flanagin, A. J., & Metzger, M. J. (2007). The role of site features, user attributes, and information verification behaviors on the perceived credibility of web-based information. Social Media & Society, 9(2), 319-342. [https://doi.org/10.1177/1461444807075015]
  • Ha, S., & Lee, J. (2011). Impacts of the amount and contents type of media use on media trust: Across the traditional and social media. Korean Journal of Journalism & Communication Studies, 55(1), 413-434.
  • Hong, I., & Lee, S. (2015). The Impact of twitter’s re-mediation on news users’ perception: Focused on hostile media effect. Journal of Broadcasting and Telecommunications Research, 90, 74-105.
  • Hwang, Y., Park, N., Lee, H., & Lee, W. (2012). Exploring digital literacy in convergent media environment: Communication competence and generation gap. Korean Journal of Journalism & Communication Studies, 56(2), 198-225.
  • Jang, H., & Je, B. (2009). An analysis of the relationship between the level of elaboration likelihood and the news framing effects. Korean Journal of Communication & Information, 46(2), 75-107.
  • Jang, Y., & Kim, M. (2020). The influence of participatory news use: Social media use for news and the credibility of journalism. Korean Journal of Communication & Information, 99, 245-274. [https://doi.org/10.46407/kjci.2020.02.99.245]
  • Jang, Y., & Lee, E. (2017). Effects of others’ comments and intervention of site managers and journalists on public opinion perception and opinion change. Ewha Journal of Social Sciences, 33(1), 377-416. [https://doi.org/10.16935/ejss.2017.33.1.011]
  • Johnson, T. J., & Kaye, B. K. (1998). Cruising is believing?: Comparing Internet and traditional sources on media credibility measures. Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly, 75(2), 325-340. [https://doi.org/10.1177/107769909807500208]
  • Johnson, T. J., & Kaye, B. K. (2000). Using is believing: The influence of reliance on the credibility of online political information among politically interested internet users. Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly, 77(4), 865-879. [https://doi.org/10.1177/107769900007700409]
  • Johnson, T. J., & Kaye, B. K. (2016). Some like it lots : The influence of interactivity and reliance on credibility. Computers in Human Behavior, 61, 136-145. [https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2016.03.012]
  • Johnson, T. J., Kaye, B. K., Bichard, S. L., & Wong, W. J. (2008). Every blog has its day: Politically-interested internet users’ perceptions of blog credibility. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 13(1), 100-122. [https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1083-6101.2007.00388.x]
  • Jones, S., & Fox, S. (2009). Generations Online in 2009. Washington, DC: Pew Research Center.
  • Jung, W. (2008, April). A study on the effect of negativeness of Internet news on writing news comments. Paper presented in the spring conference of the Korean Society for Journalism & Communication, Jeju.
  • Kim, D. (2012). Interacting is believing? Examining bottom-up credibility of blogs among politically interested Internet users. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 17(4), 422-435. [https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1083-6101.2012.01583.x]
  • Kim, E., Ihm, S. Y., & Park, H. (2017). News sharing as relational communication: Focusing on self-presentation tendency and characteristics of sharing audiences. Korean Journal of Broadcasting and Telecommunication Studies, 31(3), 114-151.
  • Kim, E., & Rhee, J. (2006). Rethinking ‘reading’ online : The effects of online communication. Korean Journal of Journalism & Communication Studies, 50(4), 65-94.
  • Kim, E., & Yang, S. (2013). The new citizenship of digital natives and the influence of network media. Korean Journal of Journalism & Communication Studies, 57(1), 305-334.
  • Kim, H., Chong, E., Kim, E., Yang, S., Lee, J., & Kang, M. (2020). Fake news and fact check news differences : Focusing on news usage, perception, and literacy in multi-media environments. Korean Journal of Communication & Information, 101, 231-267. [https://doi.org/10.46407/kjci.2020.06.101.231]
  • Kim, K., & Lee, S. (2018). News audiences’ perceptual biases and assessment of news fairness: An analysis of the influences of trust for media, message bias, self-categorization, and self-enhancement. Communication Theories, 14(3), 145-198. [https://doi.org/10.20879/ct.2018.14.3.145]
  • Kim. K., Lee, S., & Kim, S. (2016). Partisan audiences’ hostile media perception and news media literacy: A theoretical amalgam of self-categorization and elaboration likelihood, Communication Theories, 12(3), 4-48.
  • Kim, M. (2016). The effects of news recommendation from facebook friends on news credibility perceptions and behaviors for news engagement: Focusing on cognitive elaboration and opinion leadership. Korean Journal of Journalism & Communication Studies, 60(5), 176-202. [https://doi.org/10.20879/kjjcs.2016.60.5.007]
  • Kim, M., & Kim, B. (2018). The news consumer’s credibility by the perception of news value according to factuality, the perception of importance of issue and the perception of news bias: Focusing on ‘Thadd’ news. Journal of the Korea Entertainment Industry Association, 12(1), 343-356. [https://doi.org/10.21184/jkeia.2018.1.12.1.343]
  • Kim, S. (2006). Democracy and media trust : A theoretical search for a normative model of comtemporary Korean media. Korean Journal of Journalism & Communication Studies, 50(5), 55-78.
  • Kim, S. (2010). The similarity and difference of Korean conservative newspapers: An analysis of ideology in Chosun-Joongang-Donga dailys’ editorial. Media, Gender & Culture, 15, 37-78.
  • Kim, S. (2015). Journalism without misinformation and verification: The introduction of a misinformation penalty system and the establishment of a misinformation DB are necessary. Newspaper & Broadcasting, 536, 44-48.
  • Kim, W., Ahn, S., & Baek, Y. (2018). Korea's press confidence: Diagnosis and prescription. Seoul: Korea Press Foundation.
  • Kim, Y., & Ha, S. (2014). Hostile media perception toward television news and the possibility of alternative use of Internet news. Locality & Communication, 18(2), 57-87.
  • Korea Press Foundation (2018). Media Users in Korea 2018. Seoul: Author.
  • Korea Press Foundation (2020). Media Users in Korea 2020. Seoul: Author.
  • Kümpel, A. S., Karnowiski, V., & Keyling, T. (2015). News sharing in social media: A review of current research on news sharing users, content, and networks. Social Media ＋ Society, 1(2), 1-14. [https://doi.org/10.1177/2056305115610141]
  • Kwon, Y., Lee, J., & Yang, S. (2021). Social news use and news engagement on civic engagement. Korean Journal of Journalism & Communication Studies, 65(1), 5-34. [https://doi.org/10.20879/kjjcs.2021.65.1.005]
  • Lee, E. (2011). Perceived bias or biased perception? Effects of others’ comments, perceived opinion climate and issue involvement on perceived news slant. Korean Journal of Journalism & Communication Studies, 55(3), 179-198.
  • Lee, E., & Jang, Y. (2009). Effects of others’ comments on Internet news sites on perceptions of reality: Perceived public opinion, presumed media influence, and self-opinion. Korean Journal of Journalism & Communication Studies, 53(4), 50-71.
  • Lee, J. (2012, April). Reflections on the Korean journalism model for restoring the value and confidence of newspapers. Paper presented in 56th Newspaper Day Special Plan Debate, Seoul.
  • Lee, J., & Sung, M. (2007). The effects of reading replies on the perception of online news articles: Focusing on the PR perspective. The Korean Journal of Advertising and Public Relations, 9(4), 7-45.
  • Lee, N. (2020). Recognizing the importance of news credibility and journalism independence in Korea, why is it low? In A. R. Park & S. E. Lee (Eds.), Digital News Report 2020 in South Korea (pp. 24-28). Seoul: Korean Press Foundation.
  • Lee, S., Jin, M., & Lee, B. (2020). Exploratory research on news use of millennial generation. Korean Journal of Broadcasting and Telecommunication Studies, 34(4), 80-115.
  • Lee, S., & Oh, H. (2021). Evaluations of news media and news use by media outlets, companies, and topics: Focusing on the moderating effects of users’ political orientation. Korean Journal of Journalism & Communication Studies, 65(2), 241-285. [https://doi.org/10.20879/kjjcs.2021.65.2.007]
  • Lie, J., & Park, D. (2016). Re-conceptualization of news literacy in the social network journalism era: Expanding the concept of news curation. Ewha Journal of Social Sciences, 32(2), 171-206. [https://doi.org/10.16935/ejss.2016.32.2.006]
  • Loges, W. E., & Jung, J. (2001). Exploring the digital divide: Internet connectedness and age. Communication Research, 28(4), 536-562. [https://doi.org/10.1177/009365001028004007]
  • Messing, S., & Westwood, S. J. (2014). Selective exposure in the age of social media: Endorsements trump partisan source affiliation when selecting news online. Communication Research, 41(8), 1042-1063. [https://doi.org/10.1177/0093650212466406]
  • Metzger, M. J. (2007). Making sense of credibility on the Web: Models for evaluating online information and recommendations for future research. Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology, 58(13), 2078-2091. [https://doi.org/10.1002/asi.20672]
  • Metzger, M. J., & Flanagin, A. J. (2013). Credibility and trust of information in online environments: The use of cognitive heuristics. Journal of Pragmatics, 59, 210-220. [https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pragma.2013.07.012]
  • Metzger, M. J., Flanagin, A. J., & Medders, R. B. (2010). Social and heuristic approaches to credibility evaluation online. Journal of Communication, 60(3), 413-439. [https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2466.2010.01488.x]
  • Min, Y. (2016). When we trust : The effects of journalistic professionalism and partisan bias on the public trust in the press and politics. Korean Journal of Journalism & Communication Studies, 60(6), 127-156. [https://doi.org/10.20879/kjjcs.2016.60.6.005]
  • Na, E., & Cha, Y. (2012). Determinants of Internet group polarization: Effects of anonymity and network crowdedness of internet public sphere, and individual & cultural factors. The Korean Journal of Social and Personality Psychology, 26(1), 103-121. [https://doi.org/10.21193/kjspp.2012.26.1.007]
  • Na, E., Lee, G., & Kim, H. (2009). Social implication of reading/writing online comments(replies) in representative democracy: Internet news comments(replies), political trust, media trust and political knowledge. Korean Journal of Journalism & Communication Studies, 53(1), 109-132.
  • Oh, D. (2017). Time series study on effects of consumers’ evaluation of reporter, newspaper news problems and reliability on newspaper news usage. Korean Journal of Communication & Information, 83, 96-129. [https://doi.org/10.46407/kjci.2017.06.83.96]
  • Park, A., & Lee, S. (2020). Digital News Report in Korea 2020. Seoul: Korea Press Foundation.
  • Park, C. (2001). Decomposing of news media credibility in the information age: The social goodness of news is a determinant to the publics perceived media credibility. Korean Journal of Broadcasting and Telecommunication Studies, 15(3), 129-154.
  • Park, H. (2019). Why the newspaper disappears : Journalism vs media supplementation or substitution. Korean Journal of Journalism & Communication Studies, 63(3), 69-114. [https://doi.org/10.20879/kjjcs.2019.63.3.003]
  • Park, N. (2008). A study on the blog users’ newsmedia credibility: Focusing on comparing blogs with traditional newsmedia and the factors affecting blog credibility. Korean Journal of Journalism & Communication Studies, 52(3), 422-439.
  • Park, N., Jeong, J., & Chang, J. (2017). Senior citizens’ news media use and news credibility: An analysis of the 2013-2015 national survey data of the media users. Journal of Communication Research, 54(1), 314-347. [https://doi.org/10.22174/jcr.2017.54.1.314]
  • Pearson, G. D. H. (2019). ‘Source blindness’ in digital news: Predictors of processing source cues in social media. Columbus, OH: The Ohio State University.
  • Petty, R. E., & Cacioppo, J. T. (1986). The elaboration likelihood model of persuasion. Advances in Experimental Social Psychology, 19, 123-205. [https://doi.org/10.1016/S0065-2601(08)60214-2]
  • Pew Research Center (2021). News Use Across Social Media Platforms in 2020, Washington, DC: Pew Research Center. Retrieved from https://www.journalism.org/2021/01/12/news-use-across-social-media-platforms-in-2020, /
  • Pritschet, L., Powell, D., & Horne, Z. (2016). Marginally significant effects as evidence for hypotheses: Changing attitudes over four decades. Psychological Science, 27(7), 1036-1042. [https://doi.org/10.1177/0956797616645672]
  • Roh, S., Choi, J., & Min, Y. (2017). Correlates of fake news effects: Identifying facilitating and constraining factors on fake news exposure and acceptance in the 2017 Korean presidential election. Journal of Cybercommunication Academic Society, 34(4), 99-149.
  • Shu, X., Lu, J., & Chung, Y. (2015). A study on factors influencing on sns news credibility. The Journal of Social Science, 22(3), 7-30.
  • Singer, J. (2014). User-generated visibility: Secondary gatekeeping in a shared media space. Social Media and Society, 16(1), 55-73. [https://doi.org/10.1177/1461444813477833]
  • Song, K. (2011). From digital divide to multi-layered smart divide society. Internet & Security Issue, 3, 5-24.
  • Tsfati, Y., & Ariely, G. (2014), Individual and contextual correlates of trust in media across 44 countries. Communication Research, 41(6), 760-782. [https://doi.org/10.1177/0093650213485972]
  • Vraga, E. K., Tully, M., & Rojas, H. (2009). Media literacy training reduces perception of bias. Newspaper Research Journal, 30(4), 68-81. [https://doi.org/10.1177/073953290903000406]
  • Westerman, D., Spence, P. R., & Van Der Heide, B. (2014). Social media as information source: Recency of updates and credibility of information. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 19(2), 171-183. [https://doi.org/10.1111/jcc4.12041]
  • Yang, J., & Choi, J. (2018). The relationship between engaged news use and willingness to pay for online news: Focusing on the effects of news sharing and regular visits to news services. Information Society & Media, 19(2), 57-89. [https://doi.org/10.52558/ISM.2018.08.19.2.57]
  • Yang, S., & Yang, S. (2003). The effect of perceived credibility of the news media on Risk-related perceptions: Involvement in risk as a moderator of the effect on risk-related perceptions. Korean Journal of Journalism & Communication Studies, 47(6), 279-305.

Appendix

부록

  • 권예지·이지영·양소은 (2021). 소셜 뉴스 이용과 뉴스 관여가 세대별 정치 참여 행동에 미치는 영향. <한국언론학보>, 65권 1호, 5-34.
  • 김미희 (2016). 페이스북 친구의 뉴스추천이 뉴스 신뢰도 인식과 뉴스 관여 행동에 미치는 영향. <한국언론학보>, 60권 5호, 176-202.
  • 김세은 (2015). 오보와 검증 없는 저널리즘: 오보 벌점제 도입, 오보DB 구축 필요. <신문과방송>, 536호, 44-48.
  • 김영지·하승태 (2014). TV뉴스에 대한 적대적 매체지각과 인터넷 뉴스의 대안적 이용가능성. <지역과 커뮤니케이션>, 18권 2호, 57-87.
  • 김위근·안수찬·백영민 (2018). <한국의 언론 신뢰도: 진단과 처방>. 서울: 한국언론진흥재단.
  • 김은미·양소은 (2013).‘디지털 네이티브’의 시민성. <한국언론학보>, 57권 1호, 305-334.
  • 김은미·이준웅 (2006). 읽기의 재발견. <한국언론학보>, 50권 4호, 65-94.
  • 김은미·임소영·박현아 (2017). 관계적 커뮤니케이션으로서의 뉴스 공유: 자기제시 성향과 뉴스 공유 대상의 특성을 중심으로. <한국방송학보>, 31권 3호, 114-151.
  • 김형지, 정은령, 김은미, 양소은, 이재우, 강민지 (2020). 가짜뉴스와 팩트체크 뉴스 노출 집단의 미디어 이용과 뉴스 인식, 그리고 리터러시 관계. <한국언론정보학보>, 101권, 231-267.
  • 노성종·최지향·민영 (2017). 가짜뉴스효과의 조건. <사이버커뮤니케이션학보>, 34권 4호, 99-149.
  • 민영 (2016). 신뢰의 조건: 저널리즘 전문성과 정파적 편향성이 언론 신뢰와 정치 신뢰에 미치는 영향. <한국언론학보>, 60권 6호, 127-156.
  • 박노일 (2008). 블로그 이용자의 뉴스 미디어 신뢰도 연구. <한국언론학보>, 52권 3호, 422-439.
  • 박아란·이소은 (2020). <디지털 뉴스리포트 2020 한국>. 서울: 한국언론진흥재단.
  • 박혜영 (2019). 신문이 사라지는 이유: 저널리즘 vs. 미디어 대체 가설. <한국언론학보>, 63권 3호, 69-114.
  • 반현·권영순 (2007). 포털 뉴스와 기존 뉴스 매체의 이용행위에 대한 상관관계성 연구. <한국언론학보>, 51권 1호, 399-426.
  • 송경재 (2011). 디지털 디바이드에서 다층적 스마트 디바이드 사회로: 한국 네티즌 조사를 중심으로. <Internet & Society Issue>, 제 2011-03호, 5-24.
  • 수신, 육건엽, 정용국 (2015). SNS 뉴스 신뢰도 결정 요인 연구. <사회과학연구>, 22권 3호, 7-30.
  • 양성관·양성운 (2003). 뉴스 미디어 신뢰도가 뉴스 수용자의 위기 지각(risk perception)에 미치는 영향. <한국언론학보>, 47권 6호, 279-305.
  • 양정애·최지향 (2018). 뉴스 이용자 관여 행동과 온라인 유료뉴스 이용 의향의 관계. <정보사회와 미디어>, 19권 2호, 57-89.
  • 이나연 (2020). 한국의 뉴스 신뢰도와 저널리즘 독립성 중요도 인식, 왜 낮을까? 박아란·이소은 (편), <디지털 뉴스 리포트 2020 한국> (24-28쪽), 서울: 한국언론진흥재단.
  • 이선민·진민정·이봉현 (2020). 밀레니얼 세대의 뉴스 이용에 대한 탐색적 연구, <한국방송학보>, 34권 4호, 80-115.
  • 이소은·오현경 (2021). 매체, 언론사, 주제별 뉴스 이용과 언론에 대한 평가 : 이용자 정치성향의 조절효과를 중심으로. <한국언론학보>, 65권 2호, 241-285.
  • 이은주 (2011). 지각된 편향인가 편향된 지각인가? 댓글의 내용, 여론에 대한 인식과 이슈 관여도에 따른 기사의 논조 지각. <한국언론학보>, 55권 3호, 179-198.
  • 이은주·장윤재 (2009). 인터넷 뉴스 댓글이 여론 및 기사의 사회적 영향력에 대한 지각과 수용자의 의견에 미치는 효과. <한국언론학보>, 53권 4호, 50-71.
  • 이재경 (2012). 신문의 가치와 신뢰 회복을 위한 한국형 저널리즘 모델의 성찰. (한국언론학회·한국신문협회 공동 주최 제56회 신문의 날 기념 특별기획 토론회 발표문).
  • 이재신·성민정 (2007). 온라인 댓글이 기사 평가에 미치는 영향: PR적 관점을 중심으로. <한국광고홍보학보>, 9권 4호, 7-45.
  • 이재원·박동숙 (2016). 소셜 네트워크 저널리즘 시대의 뉴스 리터러시 재개념화. <사회과학연구논총>, 32권 2호, 171-206.
  • 장윤재·김미라 (2020). 참여적 뉴스 이용의 효과 : 메신저, SNS를 통한 뉴스 이용과 뉴스 및 언론인에 대한 신뢰. <한국언론정보학보>, 99권, 245-274.
  • 장윤재·이은주 (2017). 있는 그대로의 댓글 vs. 승인받은 댓글 vs. 인용된 댓글: 댓글에 대한 제3자 개입이 여론 지각 및 이슈에 대한 의견에 미치는 영향. <사회과학연구논총>, 33권 1호, 377-416.
  • 장하용·제방훈 (2009). 수용자의 인지정교화 가능성 수준이 프레이밍 효과에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구. <한국언론정보학보>, 45권 2호, 75-107.
  • 정완규 (2008). <인터넷 뉴스의 부정성이 뉴스 댓글 작성에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구>. 한국언론학회 2008 봄철정기학술대회, 제주.
  • 하승태·이정교 (2011). 미디어 이용량과 선호 콘텐츠 유형이 미디어 신뢰도에 미치는 영향. <한국언론학보>, 55권 1호, 413-434.
  • 한국언론진흥재단 (2018). <2018 언론수용자 의식조사>. 서울: 한국언론진흥재단.
  • 한국언론진흥재단 (2020). <2020 언론수용자 조사>. 서울: 한국언론진흥재단.
  • 홍인기·이상우 (2015). 트위터의 뉴스 재매개가 이용자의 뉴스 지각에 미치는 영향. <방송통신연구>, 90호, 74-105.
  • 황용석·박남수·이현주·이원태 (2012). 디지털 미디어 환경과 커뮤니케이션 능력 격차 연구. <한국언론학보>, 56권 2호, 198-225.