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The Korean Society for Journalism & Communication (KSJCS)
[ Article ]
Korean Journal of Journalism & Communication Studies - Vol. 67, No. 1, pp.230-271
ISSN: 2586-7369 (Online)
Print publication date 28 Feb 2023
Received 15 Dec 2022 Revised 27 Jan 2023 Accepted 01 Feb 2023
DOI: https://doi.org/10.20879/kjjcs.2023.67.1.006

댓글의 방향과 강도가 코로나19 관련 가짜뉴스 수용에 미치는 영향 : 체계적 정보처리의 매개효과 및 동조 성향의 조절효과 중심 분석

한지원* ; 김영욱**
*이화여자대학교 커뮤니케이션·미디어학부 박사수료 venustus@hanmail.net
**이화여자대학교 커뮤니케이션·미디어학부 교수 kimyw@ewha.ac.kr
The Effects of the Direction and Intensity of Comments for COVID-19-related Fake News Acceptance : Focusing on the Mediating Effect of Systematic Information Processing and the Moderating Effect of the Conformity Level
Jiwon Han* ; Yungwook Kim**
*Doctoral Candidate, School of Communication and Media, Ewha Womans University venustus@hanmail.net
**Professor, School of Communication and Media, Ewha Womans University, corresponding author kimyw@ewha.ac.kr

초록

이 연구의 목적은 코로나19 시기 가짜뉴스와 댓글이 결합하여 사회에 미치는 문제 상황을 배경으로, 코로나19 가짜뉴스 댓글의 방향과 강도가 가짜뉴스 메시지 수용, 가짜뉴스 행위 수용, 그리고 코로나19 예방행동의도에 미치는 영향을 분석하고, 이를 체계적 정보처리가 매개하는지와 동조 성향이 조절하는지를 알아보는 것이다. 이에 대해 이 연구는 2(방향: 찬성vs. 반대)*2(강도:강함vs. 약함) 피험자간 요인 설계를 구성해 총 4개의 메시지를 개발하고, 회귀 분석, 매개 분석, 조절효과 분석을 실시하였다. 연구 결과, 첫째, 코로나19 가짜뉴스 댓글의 방향은 메시지 수용에 유의한 정적 영향을 미치고, 행위 수용에 통계적으로 유의하지는 않지만 어느 정도 영향을 미치며, 댓글의 강도는 코로나19 예방행동의도에 통계적으로 유의하지는 않지만 어느 정도의 정적 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 코로나19 댓글의 강도가 가짜뉴스 수용과 코로나19 예방행동의도에 미치는 영향을 체계적 정보처리가 통계적으로 유의하게 매개하였다. 셋째, 코로나19 가짜뉴스 댓글의 방향과 강도의 상호작용이 체계적 정보처리를 강화하여 가짜뉴스 수용에 미치는 영향에 대한 동조 성향의 조절된 매개효과는 나타나지 않았지만, 코로나19 댓글의 방향과 강도가 각각 체계적 정보처리를 강화하여 가짜뉴스 수용과 코로나19 예방행동의도에 미치는 영향에 대해 동조 성향의 조절효과가 나타났다. 구체적으로, 코로나19 가짜뉴스 댓글의 방향이 체계적 정보처리를 강화하여 가짜뉴스 메시지 수용, 행위 수용, 코로나19 예방행동의도에 미치는 영향은 동조 성향이 높은 사람에게만 유의미했고, 코로나19 가짜뉴스 댓글의 강도가 체계적 정보처리를 강화하여 가짜뉴스 메시지 수용, 행위 수용, 코로나19 예방행동의도에 미치는 영향은 동조 성향이 중간 수준인 사람과 높은 사람에게 유의미하게 나타났다. 이러한 연구결과를 바탕으로 커뮤니케이션의 주체인 언론과 뉴스 이용자에 대해 위험 커뮤니케이션 측면에서 정책적·실무적 제안점을 논의하였다.

Abstract

This study applied an empirical point of view to situations in which fake news and comments are combined to affect social reactions in the era of COVID-19. The purpose of the study is to investigate the effects of the direction and intensity of COVID-19 fake news comments on fake news acceptance–messages acceptance and behavior acceptance–and on COVID-19 preventive behavioral intention, and to figure out whether the effects are mediated by systematic information processing and moderated by the level of conformity. The present study adopted a 2(direction: agree vs. disagree)*2(intensity: strong vs. weak) experimental design and used a regression analysis to evaluate the impact of the direction and intensity of COVID-19 comments on the fake news acceptance with mediating and moderating effects of systematic information processing and the level of conformity. As the results of the study, the direction of COVID-19 fake news comments had a significant positive effect on fake news message acceptance and a marginally significant positive effect on behavior acceptance. The strength of COVID-19 fake news comments had a marginally significant effect on the COVID-19 preventive behavioral intentions. Second, systematic information processing mediated between the intensity of COVID-19 fake news comments and fake news acceptance, and between the intensity of COVID-19 fake news comments and COVID-19 preventive behavioral intentions in a statistically significant way. Third, the moderated mediating effect of the conformity level on the effect of the interaction between the direction and intensity of COVID-19 fake news comments on fake news acceptance through systematic information processing was not confirmed, but the moderating effect of the conformity level on the effects of the direction and intensity of COVID-19 comments on fake news acceptance and COVID-19 preventive behavioral intentions through systematic information processing was found respectively. Specifically, the moderating effect of the conformity level on the impacts of the direction of COVID-19 fake news comments on fake news acceptance and COVID-19 preventive behavioral intentions through systematic information processing was statistically significant among those who have a high level of conformity. Also, the moderating effect of the conformity level on the impacts of the intensity of COVID-19 fake news comments on fake news acceptance and COVID-19 preventive behavioral intentions through systematic information processing was statistically significant among those who have a medium and high level of conformity. Based on these findings, policy and practical implications were discussed in terms of risk communication for the media and news users who are the subjects of communication.

Keywords:

COVID-19, Fake News, Messages Acceptance, Systematic Information Processing, Conformity, Risk Communication

키워드:

코로나19, 가짜뉴스, 댓글, 메시지 수용, 행위 수용, 예방행동의도, 체계적 정보처리, 동조 성향, 위험 커뮤니케이션

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Appendix

부록 Ⅰ. 국문 참고문헌

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